![]() ![]() The mentioned indexes have not been used previously for the assessment of heat strain during passive heating. There are various methods for assessing the magnitude of heat strain during physical effort, such as the Bedford thermal scale, physiological strain index (PSI) and cumulative heat strain index (CHSI). Different conditions in wet and dry sauna cause different responses of the organism. This may slow down the removal of heat from the body. High air humidity in a wet steam bath causes difficulties in evaporation of sweat from the surface of the skin. It is manifested by increased heart rate and elevated concentration of catecholamines in plasma. Because of heat exposure, autonomic nervous system activation occurs. To eliminate excess body heat, different mechanisms are engaged: skin blood flow rises, perspiration is enhanced, and lung ventilation increases. The elevation of body temperature is observed, but skin temperature rises faster than temperature of internal organs. The changes which occur in the human organism due to exposure to high temperatures are varied. Thanks to cooperation of these systems and other organs, sauna bath has a positive effect on the whole organism. Both types of heat baths influence the following systems: cardiovascular, hormonal, nervous and excretory systems. The advantages of sauna are: greater resistance to winter infections, reduction of toxins with perspiration and, most importantly, physical and physiological relaxation. Sauna bath is used as an element of heat therapy. The other type of sauna is the wet steam bath, which is also called Russian Banya, where the hot air (40-70☌) is fully saturated by the steam. A dry sauna bath is a cycle of two to three entrances into the hot temperature chamber (80-100☌) with low humidity (5-25%) interrupted by whole body cooling. Both types of sauna have been known for centuries. Dry Finnish sauna and wet steam bath are still common methods of biological regeneration which are used by athletes. Recently athletes are using various new methods for recovery and improving their performance, such as massage under hypoxic conditions, electrical muscle stimulation or cryostimulation – just to mention a few of them. Both observed indexes (PSI and CHSI) could be appropriate for objective assessment of heat strain during passive heating of the organism. ![]() It can be concluded that due to high humidity and reduction of thermoregulation mechanisms, the wet sauna is more stressful for the organism than the dry sauna, where the temperature is higher with low humidity. 144.6 ± 21.7) were greater during the wet sauna bath. Subjective feelings of heat comfort as well as PSI (4.83 ± 0.29 vs. Diastolic pressure was reduced similarly. Both types of sauna baths caused elevation of systolic blood pressure, but changes were greater after the dry one. However, larger increases in rectal temperature and heart rate were observed during the wet sauna bath (38.8% and 21.2% respectively). Greater body mass losses were observed after the dry sauna bath compared to the wet sauna (-0.72 vs. Subjects assessed heat comfort by Bedford's scale. The physiological strain index (PSI) and cumulative heat strain index (CHSI) were calculated. Rectal temperature and heart rate were monitored during the baths. Before and after the baths, body mass and blood pressure were measured. ![]() During breaks they cooled their bodies with a cold shower and then rested in a sitting position. Each time, they entered the sauna chamber 3 times for 15 minutes with five-minute breaks. Ten healthy males aged 25-28 underwent a dry sauna bath and then after a one-month break they underwent a steam sauna bath. A physical strain index and subjective estimation of heat comfort of subjects who had not taken sauna baths before was also evaluated. ![]() The aim of the paper was to follow up major physiological reactions, provoked by heat stress during dry and wet sauna baths. ![]()
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